aloalgoCaesar Cipher
Medium
Implement the Caesar cipher, a simple and widely known encryption technique. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. The input string will consist of lowercase English letters only.
Example 1
Inputs
s = "abc"
shift = 3
Output
"def"
Explanation:
Each letter is shifted 3 positions forward: 'a' -> 'd', 'b' -> 'e', 'c' -> 'f'.
Example 2
Inputs
s = "xyz"
shift = 3
Output
"abc"
Explanation:
'x' shifted 3 becomes 'a' (wraps around), 'y' becomes 'b', 'z' becomes 'c'.
Example 3
Inputs
s = "def"
shift = -3
Output
"abc"
Explanation:
Each letter is shifted 3 positions backward: 'd' -> 'a', 'e' -> 'b', 'f' -> 'c'.
Inputs
s = "abc"
shift = 3
Output
"def"